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Categories
- Hua Hin Weather Station 🌤
- Projects (Antiques) 🦖
- Micro Projects • Tools 🪓
- Atmega8 LED Panelmeter (U,I,°C,°F)
- Corona Customer Counter for a shop/place
- LCD Adapter • Interface
- Microphone Preamplifier
- ROTARY ENCODER (STEC11B03)
- SDRSharp and a DVB-T stick : a 20 EUR Spectrum Analyser ?
- UART - RS232 Bridge (ST232CDR)
- UART - USB Bridge (MCP2200)
- UART - ETHERNET Bridge (LANTRONIX XPORT)
- USB - InfraRed Transceiver
- USB - PLL / DDS - Interface
- Arduino Projects 🛸
- Spectrum Analyzer • Measurement Receiver
- A DC-199 MHz Spectrum Analyser 'VISIONARY' with Si4432
- A 15-2700 MHz Spectrum Analyser with the RF Explorer 3G+
- Levelmod - A DC to Daylight Microwave Powermeter
- Micro Smart Power Sensor - with AD8319, TMP101
- Polarmod - An I-Q-Processor with the AD9958
- VHF Airband Receiver with Si570 and AD8361
- Wacharamod - An FM Stereo Receiver with the TEA5767
- Wanmod, A Frequency Selective Levelmeter, 29.999 MHz
- Network Analyzer
- Frequency Counter • Frequency Standard
- Low Frequency (AF) Generators
- High Frequency (RF) Synthesizer
- Kumod - 1 MHz ... 200 MHz Synthesiser with the AD9958
- Micromod - A 220 MHz Synthesizer with the Si570
- Macromod - A 850 MHz Synthesizer with the LMK61E2
- Ningmod - A RF Synthesizer with the AD9953 + co-workers
- Sathanimod - an FM Radiostation with the Si4713
- Supermod - A 23.5 - 6000 MHz Synthesizer with the MAX2871
- Teramod - A 2 to 15 GHz Synthesizer
- Ultramod - A 9.9 - 3200 MHz Synthesizer with the Si564
- Power Supplies • Voltage Standards
- Measurement Devices • U • I • P • R • T
- RF Switches • Attenuators
- Component Tester
- P-I-D and other Controllers
- What's All This '...mod' Stuff, Anyhow ?
- Additional Components for all '...mod' things
- Other Shields for Arduino
- Shield BHUMI : A Voltage Standard, programmeable
- CALC-DUINO, a simple Pocket Calculator Shield (MAX7219)
- CLOCK-DUINO, a clock, to be shown to my teachers :-)
- DCF-77 Synthesizer. With Arduino. Aka "TimeDuino"
- Shield LEO : SMS on Power down
- Shield NRVD : Dual UHF Power Meter
- Shield MARCELLA : Control your Laboratory Devices
- Shield RENÉ : Reference Voltage Source, aka REFDUINO
- Shield TANACHAI : A Transistor Curve Tracer
- Shield TOBI : A 60 MHz, 80dB Scalar Network Ananlyzer
- Add-on BRUNO : Universal Battery Tester (Charge/Discharge)
- Spectrum Analyzer • Measurement Receiver
- Arduino Final Projects : IPA's
- Arduino Knowledgebase 🧾
- Bluepill • Blackpill Projects 🛸
- Teensy Projects 🛸
- Raspberry Pi Projects
- Python Lab Experiments 🐍
- Basics like e.g. 'Hello Arduino' e.a.
- Long Term Datalogging to File (Wanmod)
- VCO Testbench (Supplymod, Levelmod, Countermod)
- Amplitude Response 10.7 MHz Bandpass (Ningmod, Wanmod)
- Frequency Spectrum HF-Bands (Wanmod)
- EMC Precompliance Testing (conducted, Wanmod)
- EMC Precompliance Testing (far field, Wanmod)
- EMC Precompliance Testing (near field, R&S FSP)
- Diode Characteristics (2 x Rigol DM3058E, Supplymod)
- Python and PicoScope™
- Cookies • Breadcrumbs
- Power Supplies • Calculations
- Artificial Ground
- Power Supply Characterisation
- Power Supply Designer : Rectification
- Power Supply Designer : Linear Regulator
- Power Supply Gallery (Experience Database)
- Power Supply Ripple and Noise Measurements
- Yet another LM317 Calculator
- Feedback Voltage Divider Finder (LM2576 e.a.)
- High Voltage Power Supply (MC34063, step-up)
- Low Voltage Power Supply (MC34063, step-down)
- VB 408 Replacement
- Leomod, Power Supply for ±15 V, 1 A
- Powermod, a Power Supply with the LM317/LM337
- Samroimod - A 32 V / 1 A Power Supply
- Sungmod - A 270 V / 1 mA Power Supply
- Supplymod - A 20 V / 2 A Power Supply
- Thormod, a Power Supply for Photodiodes
- PETH-6 Power Supply • ± 15 V, 100 mA
- PETH-6 Power Supply • +7.5 V, for Arduino / Genuino
- PETH-20 Power Supply • ± 15 V, 600 mA
- PETH-30 Power Supply
- PETH-40 B3 Power Supply ±15V, 1200 mA
- PETH-40-HAM Power Supply • ± 15 V, 1.5 A
- PETH-49 Power Supply • 1 ... 19 V, 2 A
- PETH-200V - High Voltage Poweer Supply
- PETH-581 Power Supply • Buck Conv. with Linear Afterburner
- PETH-1074 Power Supply • Step-Down with an LT1074
- PETH-8093 Power Supply • Step-Down and linear regulation
- PETH-9910 Power Supply • 8 ... 16 V, 10 A
- Amplifiers • Calculations
- BJT Buffer Amplifier Designer (Collector Feedback Bias)
- BJT Buffer Amplifier Designer (Base Bias Network)
- BJT Buffer Amplifier Designer (Voltage Feedback Bias)
- BJT Buffer Amplifier Designer (Emitter Feedback Bias)
- Broadband VHF Power Amplifier, 3 ... 540 MHz, 1.5 W
- Broadband UHF Preamplifier, > 3 GHz, 20 dB, NF 2.4 dB
- Broadband UHF Amplifier "BONLab-81", 10 dB, +19 dBm
- Broadband Measurement Amplifier, +13 dBm, 4 GHz
- Broadband Power Amplifier, 1 Watt from 2 - 2500 MHz
- Broadband LNA with the QPL9547 - 100 MHz ... 6 GHz
- Broadband LNA with the BGA2817 - DC ... 2 GHz, 5 dBm
- VHF Power Amplifier with the M57762 - 1.2 ... 1.35 GHz, 1 W+
- VHF Power Amplifier with the TAT8888 - 50 ... 1000 MHz, 1 W
- VHF Power Amplifier with the RFPD3580 - 45 ... 1218 MHz, 5 W
- MAR, ERA, GALI Amplifier Bias Calculator
- Measurement Amplifier with the LMH6609 • Vu = 1000, 30 MHz
- Shortwave Amplifier with 2 x 2N2219A - 0.1 ... 50 MHz, 22 dB
- Shortwave Power Amplifier with MRF101 - 0.1 ... 50 MHz, 18 dB
- Sojamod, a 20 dB RF Amplifier up to more than 1.5 GHz
- Sojamod-AF, a 20 dB AF Amplifier Class-D
- Opamp Circuits • Knowledge
- Cascading OPAMPs For Increased Bandwidth
- Cascading OPAMPs For Zero Offset AND High Power
- Maximize Bandwidth for cascaded Opamps
- Slew-Rate Considerations
- Maximum Output Voltage vs. Frequency
- Choosing the right OPAMP to drive an ADC (SAR ADC)
- Bipolar Voltage to Unipolar Voltage ADC Driver
- Unipolar Voltage to Bipolar Voltage DAC Circuit
- Differential Amplifier
- Inverting Amplifier
- Inverting Comparator with Hysteresis • Schmitt-Trigger
- Non-Inverting Amplifier
- Non-Inverting Comparator with Hysteresis • Schmitt-Trigger
- Summing Amplifier
- Remembering Robert A. Pease, aka "RAP"
- Antenna Designer 📡
- Antenna Selection Guide
- Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna Designer
- Bi-Quad Antenna Designer
- Bowtie • Batwing • Butterfly Dipole Calculator
- Cantenna Calculator
- Discone Antenna Designer
- Dipole Calculator - folded
- Dipole Calculator - straight
- HB9CV Antenna Calculator
- Helix Antenna Calculator
- Helix Antenna with Match Calculator
- J-Pole Antenna
- Lambda/4 Groundplane Designer
- Logarithmic Periodic Dipole Antenna Calculator
- Magnetic Loop Antenna Calculator
- Microstrip Patch Antenna Calculator
- PCB Loop Antenna Calculator
- Wokatenna Design
- Yagi Uda Antenna Designer (NBS Tech. Note 688)
- Yagi Uda Antenna Designer (Rothammel/DL6WU)
- Filter Designer (Audio, AF)
- Filter Designer (Radio, RF)
- Lowpass Filters
- Bandpass Filters
- Butterworth Bandpass Filter
- Ceramic Bandpass Filters
- Chebyshev Bandpass Filter
- Combline Bandpass Filter Design
- Coaxial Tank V.H.F. (Bandpass) Filter Designer
- Constant K Bandpass Filter
- Coupled Resonator Bandpass Filter Designer
- Crystal Filter Design #0 : Buy a lot of crystals :-)
- Crystal Filter Design #1 : Measure replacement data
- Crystal Filter Design #2 : Calculate the Ladder Filter
- Crystal Filter Design #3 : Verifying the results
- Helical Bandpass Filter Designer
- Interdigital Bandpass Filter
- Highpass Filters
- Band Reject Filters • Notch Filters
- PLL, VCO, DDS, Oscillators
- ADF 4350 Module
- A 100 MHz Reference Frequency Source, locked to 10 MHz
- A 100 MHz Reference Frequency Add-On, DIL-28 Formfactor
- A universal VCO Board - MC100EL1648DG and PGA-103+
- A universal XCO/PLL Board - NB3N501/502/511
- Injection Lock Oscillator with PLL (and a NB3N502)
- MEMS Oscillators - SiT8008/SiT8208/SiT8209
- The Mobile Emitter
- DDS Synthesizer - with AD9851, ≈70 MHz
- Low Noise DDS Daughterboard - with AD9859, ≈ 160 MHz
- RF Reference Source - for Powermeter Calibration
- 4046 VCO Calculator
- Mini Synthesizer with 74HCT9046A
- PLL Loopfilter Designer, 2nd and 3rd order
- PLL Divider Calculator
- NE 555 Oscillator - Single Frequency
- NE 555 Oscillator - Frequency Range
- NE 555 Monoflop
- RC HCT Inverter Oscillator
- Wien Bridge Oscillator
- XCO3 - A low cost Crystal Oscillator Module
- Circuit Collection : Oscillators
- Mixer • Freq. Converters
- How to measure Mixer Characteristics
- A Mixer Tinkerboard for those ADE-xxx from MCL
- A Mixer Tinkerboard with the venerable NE/SA 612
- Universal Frequency Converter with the Si564
- A broadband Phase-Shifter for IQ Mixing Applications (ECL)
- An RF Phase-Shifter for IQ Mixing Applications (LVC)
- Transmod, shifts 6.8±1 GHz to 1.0±1 GHz.
- UpConverter for SDR, Callisto e.a.
- Noisy Things
- Noise • Introduction
- Calibrate your Noise Source. ENR calculator.
- Cascaded Noise Figure Calculations
- DIY Noise Source with the BFR92
- DIY Noise Source with 2 x GVA and 2 x PAT - ENR : 12.0 dB
- DIY Noise Source with 2 x GVA-81+ - ENR : 21.43 dB @ 1.0 GHz
- DIY Noise Source with 3 x GVA-81+ - ENR : 24.44 dB @ 1.0 GHz
- DIY Noise Source aka Ghettoblaster 555
- EMI Powerline Schnüffelstück
- How to Measure the Noise Floor of Your Spectrum Analyzer
- Magnetic Field Probe up to 3 GHz
- Noise Figure Measurement using the Gain-Method
- Noise Figure Measurement using the Y-Method
- QO Toolbox 3599 - Radio
- Bias - Tee
- Bias - Tee, Broadband and Commercial
- Coupled Resonator L-C Bandpass
- DC-Block
- Diode RF Detector
- Equalizer • Slope - Compensator
- Logarithmic Amplifier with the AD8307
- Lowpass, 9-pole, L-C
- Lowpass, Highpass using Würth Power Inductors
- Magnetic Field Probe up to 3 GHz
- Prescaler :2 :4 :8 :10 :20 :40 :80 MC12093 MC12095 MC12080
- 6.5 GHz Prescaler :1 - :17 with the HMC705LP4
- Resistive Power Split, DC - 3000 MHz, 9.5 dB, 3 Way
- Wheatstone Bridge Power Split, 1 - 1000 MHz, 6 dB, 2 Way
- RF Limiter
- RF Switch - with the JSW2-63DR
- RF Switch - with the PE4250
- QO Toolbox 3599 - Audio
- Booster (Amplifier) for Red Pitaya e.a.
- Ground-Breaker
- LISN - Line Impedance Stabilization Network
- Quantum Computer Arithmetic Unit : Adder
- Quantum Computer Arithmetic Unit : Subtractor
- Quantum Computer Arithmetic Unit : Inverter
- Quantum Computer Arithmetic Unit : Multiplier
- Quantum Computer Arithmetic Unit : Divider
- Transient Limiter
- QO Basics • Photodiodes
- Components • Networks 🧲
- Resistors, NTCs
- Capacitors
- Inductors, Transformers
- Directional Couplers
- Microstrip
- Networks (mostly RF)
- Coaxial Power Split
- Diplexer Bandpass
- Diplexer Lowpass
- Lumped Element Balun Calculator
- Matching Network
- Matched Attenuator Calculator
- Matched Attenuator VSWR/RL Improvement
- PWM to DC Lowpass Calculator
- Resistive Matching Network, the L-Pad
- Resistive Equal Power Divider
- Resistive Unequal Power Divider
- Wilkinson Power Split
- SWR • Return Loss Bridges
- Coaxial cable Calculator
- Dielectric Coaxial Resonator
- Choose the right Fuse (without confuse :-)
- Heatsink Calculator
- Conversions 📏
- Adding Up Multiple Carriers
- AWG • Metric Conversion
- Noise Figure • Temp.
- Reflection Coefficient to Impedance Converter
- VSWR to Return Loss (dB) Converter
- Return Loss (dB) to VSWR Converter
- Power Conversion : dBm - volts - watts
- Phase Noise to Phase Jitter Converter
- Phase Jitter to Phase Noise Converter
- ppm to Hz Converter
- misc. Calculations 🖩
- Hardware • Software 🖫
- Datasheets • Manuals
- Tutorials • DHE
- Troubleshooting • Repair 🔧
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เราจะทำแบบวิศวกรผู้ยิ่งใหญ่
24. December 2024
further reading
YOU RATED THIS ...
avg = 0.0 , n = 0
Wer hat's erfunden ?
calc_23.php 6486 Bytes 22-04-2024 03:29:45
ONLINE HEATSINK CALCULATOR
Often copied ... this is the original :-)
Tj | Temperature of the junction. Damage level for silicon is 175 °C |
Rth,j-a | Thermal resistance of transistor. (Between junction and ambient) |
Pdiss | Dissipated Power. |
Rth | Thermal resistance of pad/heatsink. |
Ta | Ambient temperature. If greater than 60 °C, you should prevent user from touching it. |
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t1 = 6739 d
t2 = 319 ms |
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