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coming soon ...
Projects (Antiques) 🦖
Eprom Wave Player
Frequency Counters • Accessories
CETH-60 Frequency Counter
DIY Mini VHF Frequency Display
Preamplifier
Prescaler : 1000 / 1.5 GHz
Prescaler : 1000 / 12 GHz
Prescaler : 1000 / 17 GHz
Prescaler : 1000 / 24 GHz Counter (Arduino)
Efratom LPR101 Rubidium Frequency Standard
10 MHz OCXO
Daramod - 10 MHz Distribution Amplifier
Function Generator (with XR2206)
VHF Synthesiser with AD9859 :: 'RF-2859'
Curve Tracer (simple)
Curve Tracer (advanced)
DCF-77 Signal Generator (obsolete)
RFID
125 kHz RFID Reader (obsolete)
125 kHz RFID Reader : CoffeeDuino
13.56 MHz RFID Reader/Writer
Micro Projects • Tools 🪓
Atmega8 LED Panelmeter (U,I,°C,°F)
Corona Customer Counter for a shop/place
LCD Adapter • Interface
Microphone Preamplifier
ROTARY ENCODER (STEC11B03)
SDRSharp and a DVB-T stick : a 20 EUR Spectrum Analyser ?
UART - RS232 Bridge (ST232CDR)
UART - USB Bridge (MCP2200)
UART - ETHERNET Bridge (LANTRONIX XPORT)
USB - InfraRed Transceiver
USB - PLL / DDS - Interface
Arduino Projects 🛸
Spectrum Analyzer • Measurement Receiver
A DC-199 MHz Spectrum Analyser 'VISIONARY' with Si4432
A 15-2700 MHz Spectrum Analyser with the RF Explorer 3G+
Levelmod - A DC to Daylight Microwave Powermeter
Micro Smart Power Sensor - with AD8319, TMP101
Polarmod - An I-Q-Processor with the AD9958
VHF Airband Receiver with Si570 and AD8361
Wacharamod - An FM Stereo Receiver with the TEA5767
Wanmod, A Frequency Selective Levelmeter, 29.999 MHz
Network Analyzer
Shield
TOBI
: A 60 MHz, 80dB Scalar Network Ananlyzer
Arduino 400 MHz Scalar Network Analyzer 'Tobimod'
Frequency Counter • Frequency Standard
Countermod - 1 GHz Frequency Counter
Daramod - 10 MHz GPS Receiver with the NEO-7N
Daramod - 10 MHz Distribution Amplifier
Standardmod - A 10.000000 MHz OCXO
Low Frequency (AF) Generators
Kilomod - 15 mHz ... 5 kHz TTL PWM Generator
Mannmod - A PRBS Generator (soon)
Micro USB Waveform Generator - with AD9833
High Frequency (RF) Synthesizer
Kumod - 1 MHz ... 200 MHz Synthesiser with the AD9958
Micromod - A 220 MHz Synthesizer with the Si570
Macromod - A 850 MHz Synthesizer with the LMK61E2
Ningmod - A RF Synthesizer with the AD9953 + co-workers
Sathanimod - an FM Radiostation with the Si4713
Supermod - A 23.5 - 6000 MHz Synthesizer with the MAX2871
Teramod - A 2 to 15 GHz Synthesizer
Ultramod - A 9.9 - 3200 MHz Synthesizer with the Si564
Power Supplies • Voltage Standards
Samroimod - A 32 V / 1 A Power Supply
Sungmod - A 270 V / 1 mA Power Supply
Supplymod - A 20 V / 2 A Power Supply
Thormod, a Power Supply for Photodiodes
Measurement Devices • U • I • P • R • T
Multimod - Our tribute to the Schuh ASM 5007 Multimeter
Nuumod - A Microvoltmeter with the LTC2400
Pingumod - A Power Monitor with the INA260
RF Switches • Attenuators
Attamod, a 2 GHz 60dB Attenuator with the F1958
Switchmod, A double SPDT RF Switch with the PE4250
Component Tester
Diodemod : for DC Characterization of Photodiodes
Ipamod 2022 : A high Precision Digital Capacitance Meter
Tanachaimod - a Bipolar Transistor Curve Tracer
P-I-D and other Controllers
Ongmod : Temperature Controller
Rotormod (TX) : An Arduino based DiSEqC™ Controller
Rotormod (RX) : An Arduino based Servo Controller (FeeTech)
What's All This '...mod' Stuff, Anyhow ?
Additional Components for all '...mod' things
Other Shields for Arduino
Shield
BHUMI
: A Voltage Standard, programmeable
CALC-DUINO, a simple Pocket Calculator Shield (MAX7219)
CLOCK-DUINO, a clock, to be shown to my teachers :-)
DCF-77 Synthesizer. With Arduino. Aka "TimeDuino"
Shield
LEO
: SMS on Power down
Shield
NRVD
: Dual UHF Power Meter
Shield
MARCELLA
: Control your Laboratory Devices
Shield
RENÉ
: Reference Voltage Source, aka
REFDUINO
Shield
TANACHAI
: A Transistor Curve Tracer
Shield
TOBI
: A 60 MHz, 80dB Scalar Network Ananlyzer
Add-on
BRUNO
: Universal Battery Tester (Charge/Discharge)
Arduino Final Projects : IPA's
Ipamod 2022 : A high Precision Digital Capacitance Meter
Ipamod 2023 : An Emergency 10 MHz Reference Source
Arduino Knowledgebase 🧾
Arduino Code Snippets
Overview I
2
C Addresses
Bluepill • Blackpill Projects 🛸
- no have yet -
- no have yet -
- no have yet -
Teensy Projects 🛸
ADS-B Signal Generator (Teensy 4.0)
Raspberry Pi Projects
coming soon ...
Python Lab Experiments 🐍
Basics like e.g. 'Hello Arduino' e.a.
Long Term Datalogging to File (Wanmod)
VCO Testbench (Supplymod, Levelmod, Countermod)
Amplitude Response 10.7 MHz Bandpass (Ningmod, Wanmod)
Frequency Spectrum HF-Bands (Wanmod)
EMC Precompliance Testing (conducted, Wanmod)
EMC Precompliance Testing (far field, Wanmod)
EMC Precompliance Testing (near field, R&S FSP)
Diode Characteristics (2 x Rigol DM3058E, Supplymod)
Python and PicoScope™
... we work on that ...
Cookies • Breadcrumbs
Frequency Sweep with Ningmod
Power Supplies • Calculations
Artificial Ground
Power Supply Characterisation
Power Supply Designer : Rectification
Power Supply Designer : Linear Regulator
Power Supply Gallery (Experience Database)
Power Supply Ripple and Noise Measurements
Yet another LM317 Calculator
Feedback Voltage Divider Finder (LM2576 e.a.)
High Voltage Power Supply (MC34063, step-up)
Low Voltage Power Supply (MC34063, step-down)
VB 408 Replacement
Leomod, Power Supply for ±15 V, 1 A
Powermod, a Power Supply with the LM317/LM337
Samroimod - A 32 V / 1 A Power Supply
Sungmod - A 270 V / 1 mA Power Supply
Supplymod - A 20 V / 2 A Power Supply
Thormod, a Power Supply for Photodiodes
PETH-6 Power Supply • ± 15 V, 100 mA
PETH-6 Power Supply • +7.5 V, for Arduino / Genuino
PETH-20 Power Supply • ± 15 V, 600 mA
PETH-30 Power Supply
PETH-40 B3 Power Supply ±15V, 1200 mA
PETH-40-HAM Power Supply • ± 15 V, 1.5 A
PETH-49 Power Supply • 1 ... 19 V, 2 A
PETH-200V - High Voltage Poweer Supply
PETH-581 Power Supply • Buck Conv. with Linear Afterburner
PETH-1074 Power Supply • Step-Down with an LT1074
PETH-8093 Power Supply • Step-Down and linear regulation
PETH-9910 Power Supply • 8 ... 16 V, 10 A
Amplifiers • Calculations
BJT Buffer Amplifier Designer (Collector Feedback Bias)
BJT Buffer Amplifier Designer (Base Bias Network)
BJT Buffer Amplifier Designer (Voltage Feedback Bias)
BJT Buffer Amplifier Designer (Emitter Feedback Bias)
Broadband VHF Power Amplifier, 3 ... 540 MHz, 1.5 W
Broadband UHF Preamplifier, > 3 GHz, 20 dB, NF 2.4 dB
Broadband UHF Amplifier "BONLab-81", 10 dB, +19 dBm
Broadband Measurement Amplifier, +13 dBm, 4 GHz
Broadband Power Amplifier, 1 Watt from 2 - 2500 MHz
Broadband LNA with the QPL9547 - 100 MHz ... 6 GHz
Broadband LNA with the BGA2817 - DC ... 2 GHz, 5 dBm
VHF Power Amplifier with the M57762 - 1.2 ... 1.35 GHz, 1 W+
VHF Power Amplifier with the TAT8888 - 50 ... 1000 MHz, 1 W
VHF Power Amplifier with the RFPD3580 - 45 ... 1218 MHz, 5 W
MAR, ERA, GALI Amplifier Bias Calculator
Measurement Amplifier with the LMH6609 • Vu = 1000, 30 MHz
Shortwave Amplifier with 2 x 2N2219A - 0.1 ... 50 MHz, 22 dB
Shortwave Power Amplifier with MRF101 - 0.1 ... 50 MHz, 18 dB
Sojamod, a 20 dB RF Amplifier up to more than 1.5 GHz
Sojamod-AF, a 20 dB AF Amplifier Class-D
Opamp Circuits • Knowledge
Cascading OPAMPs For Increased Bandwidth
Cascading OPAMPs For Zero Offset AND High Power
Maximize Bandwidth for cascaded Opamps
Slew-Rate Considerations
Maximum Output Voltage vs. Frequency
Choosing the right OPAMP to drive an ADC (SAR ADC)
Bipolar Voltage to Unipolar Voltage ADC Driver
Unipolar Voltage to Bipolar Voltage DAC Circuit
Differential Amplifier
Inverting Amplifier
Inverting Comparator with Hysteresis • Schmitt-Trigger
Non-Inverting Amplifier
Non-Inverting Comparator with Hysteresis • Schmitt-Trigger
Summing Amplifier
Remembering Robert A. Pease, aka "RAP"
Antenna Designer 📡
Antenna Selection Guide
Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna Designer
Bi-Quad Antenna Designer
Bowtie • Batwing • Butterfly Dipole Calculator
Cantenna Calculator
Discone Antenna Designer
Dipole Calculator - folded
Dipole Calculator - straight
HB9CV Antenna Calculator
Helix Antenna Calculator
Helix Antenna with Match Calculator
J-Pole Antenna
Lambda/4 Groundplane Designer
Logarithmic Periodic Dipole Antenna Calculator
Magnetic Loop Antenna Calculator
Microstrip Patch Antenna Calculator
PCB Loop Antenna Calculator
Wokatenna Design
Yagi Uda Antenna Designer (NBS Tech. Note 688)
Yagi Uda Antenna Designer (Rothammel/DL6WU)
Filter Designer (Audio, AF)
Lowpass Filters
Bessel Lowpass Filter 24 dB/octave
Butterworth Lowpass Filter 24 dB/octave
Linkwitz Lowpass Filter 24 dB/octave
Sallen-Key Lowpass
Bandpass Filters
Bandpass Filter Design Guide
Bessel Bandpass Filter 4th order
Butterworth Bandpass Filter 4th order
Chebyshev Bandpass Filter 4th order
Deliyannis Band Pass Filter
Narrow Bandpass Filter
Sallen-Key Bandpass
Simple Bandpass Filter
Highpass Filters
Bessel Highpass Filter 24 dB/octave
Butterworth Highpass Filter 24 dB/octave
Linkwitz Highpass Filter 24 dB/octave
Sallen-Key Highpass
Band Reject Filters • Notch Filters
Bainter Notch Filter Calculator
Fliege Notch Filter
Twin - T - Notch Filter
Filter Designer (Radio, RF)
Lowpass Filters
Butterworth Lowpass Filter
Chebyshev Lowpass Filter
Constant K Lowpass Filter
Stepped Impedance Coaxial Lowpass Filter Designer
Bandpass Filters
Butterworth Bandpass Filter
Ceramic Bandpass Filters
Chebyshev Bandpass Filter
Combline Bandpass Filter Design
Coaxial Tank V.H.F. (Bandpass) Filter Designer
Constant K Bandpass Filter
Coupled Resonator Bandpass Filter Designer
Crystal Filter Design #0 : Buy a lot of crystals :-)
Crystal Filter Design #1 : Measure replacement data
Crystal Filter Design #2 : Calculate the Ladder Filter
Crystal Filter Design #3 : Verifying the results
Helical Bandpass Filter Designer
Interdigital Bandpass Filter
Highpass Filters
Butterworth Highpass Filter
Chebyshev Highpass Filter
Constant K Highpass Filter
Band Reject Filters • Notch Filters
Butterworth Bandstop (Notch) Filter
Chebyshev Bandstop (Notch) Filter
Coaxial Stub Notch Filter Designer
PLL, VCO, DDS, Oscillators
ADF 4350 Module
A 100 MHz Reference Frequency Source, locked to 10 MHz
A 100 MHz Reference Frequency Add-On, DIL-28 Formfactor
A universal VCO Board - MC100EL1648DG and PGA-103+
A universal XCO/PLL Board - NB3N501/502/511
Injection Lock Oscillator with PLL (and a NB3N502)
MEMS Oscillators - SiT8008/SiT8208/SiT8209
The Mobile Emitter
DDS Synthesizer - with AD9851, ≈70 MHz
Low Noise DDS Daughterboard - with AD9859, ≈ 160 MHz
RF Reference Source - for Powermeter Calibration
4046 VCO Calculator
Mini Synthesizer with 74HCT9046A
PLL Loopfilter Designer, 2nd and 3rd order
PLL Divider Calculator
NE 555 Oscillator - Single Frequency
NE 555 Oscillator - Frequency Range
NE 555 Monoflop
RC HCT Inverter Oscillator
Wien Bridge Oscillator
XCO3 - A low cost Crystal Oscillator Module
Circuit Collection : Oscillators
Mixer • Freq. Converters
How to measure Mixer Characteristics
A Mixer Tinkerboard for those ADE-xxx from MCL
A Mixer Tinkerboard with the venerable NE/SA 612
Universal Frequency Converter with the Si564
A broadband Phase-Shifter for IQ Mixing Applications (ECL)
An RF Phase-Shifter for IQ Mixing Applications (LVC)
Transmod, shifts 6.8±1 GHz to 1.0±1 GHz.
UpConverter for SDR, Callisto e.a.
Noisy Things
Noise • Introduction
Calibrate your Noise Source. ENR calculator.
Cascaded Noise Figure Calculations
DIY Noise Source with the BFR92
DIY Noise Source with 2 x GVA and 2 x PAT - ENR : 12.0 dB
DIY Noise Source with 2 x GVA-81+ - ENR : 21.43 dB @ 1.0 GHz
DIY Noise Source with 3 x GVA-81+ - ENR : 24.44 dB @ 1.0 GHz
DIY Noise Source aka Ghettoblaster 555
EMI Powerline Schnüffelstück
How to Measure the Noise Floor of Your Spectrum Analyzer
Magnetic Field Probe up to 3 GHz
Noise Figure Measurement using the Gain-Method
Noise Figure Measurement using the Y-Method
QO Toolbox 3599 - Radio
Bias - Tee
Bias - Tee, Broadband and Commercial
Coupled Resonator L-C Bandpass
DC-Block
Diode RF Detector
Equalizer • Slope - Compensator
Logarithmic Amplifier with the AD8307
Lowpass, 9-pole, L-C
Lowpass, Highpass using Würth Power Inductors
Magnetic Field Probe up to 3 GHz
Prescaler :2 :4 :8 :10 :20 :40 :80 MC12093 MC12095 MC12080
6.5 GHz Prescaler :1 - :17 with the HMC705LP4
Resistive Power Split, DC - 3000 MHz, 9.5 dB, 3 Way
Wheatstone Bridge Power Split, 1 - 1000 MHz, 6 dB, 2 Way
RF Limiter
RF Switch - with the JSW2-63DR
RF Switch - with the PE4250
QO Toolbox 3599 - Audio
Booster (Amplifier) for Red Pitaya e.a.
Ground-Breaker
LISN - Line Impedance Stabilization Network
Quantum Computer Arithmetic Unit : Adder
Quantum Computer Arithmetic Unit : Subtractor
Quantum Computer Arithmetic Unit : Inverter
Quantum Computer Arithmetic Unit : Multiplier
Quantum Computer Arithmetic Unit : Divider
Transient Limiter
QO Basics • Photodiodes
Photodiodes for Physicists
Photodiodes for Electronics Technician
Photodiode Opamp Amplifier • Transimpedance Amplifier
Diodemod : for DC Characterization of Photodiodes
Photomod : a Gain / Phase Analyzer for Photodiode Amplifiers
External Ressources : a list of links ...
Components • Networks 🧲
Resistors, NTCs
Resistor Colour Code (Decoder:-) :: 4 RINGS
Resistor Colour Code (Decoder:-) :: 5 RINGS
Resistor Colour Code (Decoder:-) :: 6 RINGS
NTC Fundamentals
Find parallel Resistor combination
Find serial Resistor combination
Voltage Divider Calculator 1 (Fixed)
Voltage Divider Calculator 2 (Adjusteable)
Capacitors
Disc Air Capacitor Calculator
Impedance Calculator : XL, XC
Film Capacitors : What's all this MKS stuff anyhow ?
Inductors, Transformers
Broadband Impedance Matching with Transformer
Ferrite Toroidal Coil (Amidon)
Helical Coil Calculator
Impedance Calculator : XL, XC
Iron Powder Toroidal Coil (Amidon)
Power Transformer Design :: EI • M Core
Wire inductance Calculator
Directional Couplers
A Dual Directional Coupler, 5 - 1500 MHz, 10 / 20 dB
A Dual Directional Coupler, 5 - 2850 MHz, 17 ±1 dB
Understanding Directivity
How to Measure Directivity of Directional Couplers
Gain - Phase - Adapter using the AD 8302
Microstrip
Microstrip Impedance Calculator
Microstrip 90° Corner Calculator
Networks (mostly RF)
Coaxial Power Split
Diplexer Bandpass
Diplexer Lowpass
Lumped Element Balun Calculator
Matching Network
Matched Attenuator Calculator
Matched Attenuator VSWR/RL Improvement
PWM to DC Lowpass Calculator
Resistive Matching Network, the L-Pad
Resistive Equal Power Divider
Resistive Unequal Power Divider
Wilkinson Power Split
SWR • Return Loss Bridges
A Return Loss Bridge : 3 * 50Ω, ADTT1-6+
A Return Loss Bridge : 3 * 50Ω, ETC1-1-13TR
A Return Loss Bridge : 3 * 50Ω, AD8307
A Return Loss Bridge : 3 * 50Ω, AD8302
Coaxial cable Calculator
Dielectric Coaxial Resonator
Choose the right Fuse (without confuse :-)
Heatsink Calculator
Conversions 📏
Adding Up Multiple Carriers
AWG • Metric Conversion
Noise Figure • Temp.
Reflection Coefficient to Impedance Converter
VSWR to Return Loss (dB) Converter
Return Loss (dB) to VSWR Converter
Power Conversion : dBm - volts - watts
Phase Noise to Phase Jitter Converter
Phase Jitter to Phase Noise Converter
ppm to Hz Converter
misc. Calculations 🖩
Pathloss / RSSI
Missmatch Loss
IP3 / SFDR Calculator
IP3, IP2, 1dB Comp. SFDR Visualizer
SOA Diagram Drawer (Safe Operating Area Visualiser)
Hardware • Software 🖫
DIY Soldering Tip Stand for SMD Tips
Must-Have favourites (Windows)
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LCD Custom Character Code Generator
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HP Service Manuals
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Make your own frontpanel with Gedakop ®
Klirrfaktor
Mean Time To Failure • Reliability Considerations
PLL Seminar
PLL Seminar #1 - Theory
PLL Seminar #2 - Loop Filter Calculations
PLL Seminar #3 - Simulations with LTSpice
Engineering Formula Collections / Goodies
Dr. Hat Electronics
Troubleshooting • Repair 🔧
A DS1307 (I2C RTC) displays 165.165.XXX
Autopsy of a Thorlabs PDA8GS
UT803 :: Let's get serial
UT803 :: Let's talk to an Arduino/Genuino
Trouble with that Foldback Current limiting
Statistics
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เราจะทำแบบวิศวกรผู้ยิ่งใหญ่
25. December 2024
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Microstrip_Calculator.php 10808 Bytes 12-08-2024 16:14:35
Online Calculator .:. Microstrip Impedance
( Bottom layer is ground )
Substrate Thickness H [mm]
Conductor Width S [mm]
Relative Dielectric Constant
ε
rel
Impedance [Ω]
Effective Dielectric Constant
ε
eff
Notes
Normally, the thickness of the substrate is defined by the manufacturer's assortment. As this is afflicted with tolerances, we put the tuning buttons there, in order to see what effect a ±10 % change will cause.
The calculations are based on a
summary by Rick Hartley
(see page 25 ff).
Appendix
Size
L [mm]
W [mm]
0201
0.6 ±0.03
0.3 ±0.03
0402
1.0 ±0.1
0.5 ±0.05
0603
1.6 ±0.15
0.8 ±0.15
0805
2.0 ±0.2
1.25 +0.2/-0.1
1206
3.2 +0.1/-0.25
1.6 +0.1/-0.15
1210
3.2 +0.1/-0.2
2.6 ±0.15
2010
5.0 ±0.15
2.5 ±0.15
2512
6.3 ±0.15
3.2 ±0.15
Substrate
Material
ε
rel
Loss tan δ
Datasheet
FR2
Paper, Phenol resins
4.25
0.05
...
FR3
Paper, Epoxy
...
0.041
...
FR4
Glass, Epoxy
4.46 @ 100 MHz
0.022
...
PTFE
Teflon
2.20 ±0.02 @ 10 GHz
0.0009
RT/duroid 5880®
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t
1
= 6740 d
t
2
= 191 ms
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